Rural Production in Northwest Honduras: The 2004 Season of the Lower Cacaulapa Valley Archaeological Project
With contributions by: Edward M. Schortman, Anthropology Department, Kenyon College

List of Figures

Figure   1.    Map of Southeastern Mesoamerica.
Figure   2.    Sites mentioned in the text.
Figure   3.    Site PVN 202, Las Canoas Site Map (PVN: Proyecto Valle de Naco).
Figure   4.    Site PVN 607 Site Map.
Figure   5.    Site PVN 607 Excavation Plan.
Figure   6.    Site PVN 607, Structure 1, Overview.
Figure   7.    Site PVN 607, Str. 2, Overview, taken from the south.
Figure   8a.  Site PVN 607, Str. 3, Overview, Northeast corner in foreground.
Figure   8b.  Site PVN 607, Str. 3, Detail, West basal wall, northwest corner in foreground.
Figure   9a.  Site PVN 607, Str. 4, South end, viewed from the east.
Figure   9b.  Site PVN 607, Str. 4, Northwest corner showing terracing.
Figure 10.    Site PVN 598 Site Map.
Figure 11.    Site PVN 598 Excavation Plan.
Figure 12a.  Site PVN 598, Str. 1, Viewed from the east, showing terracing.
Figure 12b.  Site PVN 598, Str. 1, Viewed from the west, showing summit room and terracing.
Figure 13a.  Site PVN 598, Str. 2, Detail, Stairs, south side.
Figure 13b.  Site PVN 598, Str. 2, Detail, North summit wall.
Figure 13c.  Site PVN 598, Str. 2, Detail, North basal facing.
Figure 14.    Site PVC 120 Site Map, Structures only (PVC: Proyecto Valle de Cacaulapa).
Figure 15.    Site PVC 120 Contour Map.
Figure 16.    Site PVC 120 Excavation Plan, Central Cluster.
Figure 17.    Site PVC 120 Excavation Plan, Western Site Area.
Figure 18.    Site PVC 120, Str. 2, Northwest corner and west side, showing casual Late Classic construction that overlies Preclassic deposits.
Figure 19a.  Site PVC 120, Str. 4, Viewed from the south.
Figure 19b.  Site PVC 120, Str. 4, Viewed from the east showing summit room.
Figure 20.    Site PVC 120, Overview of Strs. 4 and 5, taken from the west.
Figure 21.    Site PVC 120, Str. 6, Preclassic surface.
Figure 22.    Site PVC 120, Str. 7, Section, west side showing Preclassic earthen construction.
Figure 23.    Site PVC 120, Str. 18, Showing casually-made Late Classic construction.
Figure 24.    Site PVC 161 Site Map.
Figure 25.    Site PVC 161 Excavation Plan.
Figure 26.    Site PVC 161, Str. 2, Terraces.
Figure 27.    Valley view from Site PVC 162.
Figure 28a.  Site PVC 162 Site Map, Contours.
Figure 28b.  Site PVC 162 Site Map, Structures.
Figure 29.    Site PVC 162, Excavation Plan.
Figure 30.    Site PVC 162, Str. 1, Overview.
Figure 31.    Site PVC 162, Str. 2, Overview, taken from southwest.
Figure 32.    Site PVC 162, Str. 2, Detail, East room with plaster floor.
Figure 33a.  Assortment of diamond-shaped tools made from potsherds.
Figure 33b.  Flat edge, possibly ground.
Figure 33c.  Wear on corner of rectangular tool.
Figure 33d.  Worn point, diamond-shaped tool.
Figure 33e.  Wear on large spall.
Figure 33f.   Opportunistic tool from PVN 607.
Figure 33g.  Close-up, wear on PVN 607 opportunistic tool.
Figure 34a.  Purpose-made potstand, PVC 120.
Figure 34b.  Potstand made from recycled flared-neck jar, showing discoloration due to reheating and baked-on clay, PVC 161.
Figure 34c.  Purpose-made potstand showing slight discoloration from reheating, PVN 607.
Figure 34d.  Purpose-made potstand showing discoloration from reheating, PVN 607.
Figure 34e.  Purpose-made potstand, extensively discolored, with baked-on clay, PVN 202 (Las Canoas).
Figure 34f.   Extensively discolored potstand with baked-on clay, made on recycled jar, PVN 202 (Las Canoas).
Figure 35.    Las Canoas Site Map.
Figure 36a.  Examples of red-on-natural ceramics made at Canoas: Monte Grande red-on-natural with typical bird design.
Figure 36b.  Monte Grande with shoulder stripes.
Figure 36c.  Canoas red-on-natural with striped design, lower section.
Figure 36d.  Canoas neck band and band-to-shoulder handle.
Figure 36e.  Canoas neck-shoulder with neck band and cross-hatch design.
Figure 36f.   Jocomico upper rim surface with cross-hatch design.
Figure 36g.  Maroncho: white-washed variety showing incision and raised neck band.
Figure 36h.  Cuchillo incised neck and shoulder with raised neck band.
Figure 36i.   Cuchillo incised upper rim and neck interior showing firing errors–bubbling and small spalls.
Figure 36j.   Jocomico incised neck and shoulder interior.
Figure 36k.  Jocomico incised neck and shoulder exterior.
Figure 36l.   Impressed medallion on Cuchillo incised.
Figure 37a.  Mold from Las Canoas: Figurine/Ocarina mold from 2002 season.
Figure 37b.  Mold from Las Canoas: Figurine/Ocarina mold from 2002 season.
Figure 37c.  Mold from Las Canoas: Figurine/Ocarina mold from 2002 season.
Figure 37d.  Mold for modeled incensario face, 2004 season.
Figure 38.    Site PVC 162, Overview of recovered obsidian cores.
Figure 39a.  Initial platform preparation flake, obverse.
Figure 39b.  Initial platform preparation flake, reverse.
Figure 39c.  Site PVC 162, Obsidian Core Platform Details, rejuvenated.
Figure 39d.  Site PVC 162, Obsidian Core Platform Details, scarred.
Figure 39e.  Site PVC 162, Obsidian Core Platform Details, ground.
Figure 39f.   Site PVC 162, Obsidian Core Details, poorly organized core.
Figure 39g.  Site PVC 162, Obsidian Core Details, core with large inclusion.
Figure 39h.  Site PVC 162, Obsidian Core Details, step fracture.
Figure 40a.  Site PVC 120, Obsidian biface.
Figure 40b.  Site PVC 120, Chert biface.
Figure 41.    El Coyote Site Map.
Figure 42.    El Coyote, Detail, Copper-working area.
Figure 43a.  Ore Crushing area: rock with depressions, ore to left of rock, maul left of trowel.
Figure 43b.  Another maul in situ.
Figure 43c.  Rectangular maul in situ.
Figure 44a.  Furnace for copper smelting: El Coyote, Str. 372, Furnace in situ, north to right.
Figure 44b.  Furnace for copper smelting: El Coyote, Str. 372, Furnace Schematic (Drawing courtesy of Laura Richardson).
Figure 44c.  Furnace from discarded furnace deposit showing exterior corner and slag on interior.
Figure 45a.  El Coyote, Pavement in copper processing area: Overview, pavement (left) and in situ furnace (right).
Figure 45b.  El Coyote, Pavement in copper processing area: Close-up, pavement, showing use of vertical edging stones and placement of columnar basalt.
Figure 45c.  El Coyote, Pavement in copper processing area: Detail, pavement stone with depression from crushing slag.
Figure 46a.  Slag from copper smelting: large piece of slag.
Figure 46b.  Slag from copper smelting: crushed slag showing small copper prills.
Figure 47a.  Examples of items imported in the Cacaulapa and Middle Chamelecon Region: Carved Copanec-like vessel.
Figure 47b.  Examples of items imported in the Cacaulapa and Middle Chamelecon Region: Ulua polychrome.
Figure 47c.  Examples of items imported in the Cacaulapa and Middle Chamelecon Region: Greenstone bead.
Figure 47d.  Examples of items imported in the Cacaulapa and Middle Chamelecon Region: Greenstone, possibly jade, earflare.

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