Archaeological Reconnaissance at Tixan: Explorations in the Southern Sierra del Lacandón National Park, Petén, Guatemala

List of Figures

Figure   1.    Archaeological Map of the Sierra del Lacandón after three years of reconnaissance by the Sierra del Lacandón Regional Archaeology Project.

Figure   2.    Proposed location of the archaeological site of Tixan (red) and location of the invaders from Centro Campesino (blue).

Figure   3.    Map of modern communities in the vicinity of the Sierra del Lacandón National Park, Petén, Guatemala. The borders of the park are shown by the solid black line.

Figure   4a.  Looted monument fragment recovered in the community of Retalteco, Petén, Guatemala (photograph by Charles Golden).

Figure   4b.  Looted monument fragment recovered in the community of Retalteco, Petén, Guatemala (drawing by Stephen Houston).

Figure   5.    Modern community of Unión Maya Itza, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure   6.    Map of the archaeological site of Unión Maya Itza, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure   7.    Profiles of ceramic sherds recovered on the surface of Unión Maya Itza (drawing by Ana Lucía Arroyave).

Figure   8.    Mound 1, Alacran Group, Unión Maya Itza. The archaeologist in the foreground is inside of a looter's trench.

Figure   9.    Agricultural field north of the modern community of Unión Maya Itza. The archaeologist on the left is standing atop an archaeological mound.

Figure 10a.  Lacandón incensario recovered on the surface of Unión Maya Itza. Vessels matching the style of Figure 10a are often referred to as "god pots."

Figure 10b.  Lacandón incensario recovered on the surface of Unión Maya Itza.

Figure 11.    Map of Oso Negro, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 12.    Southeast doorway of the Las Puertas Palace, Oso Negro. Note the doorway is filled with debris, giving the appearance that it was not constructed to full height.

Figure 13.    Painted red lines on the lintel above the southeast doorway of the Las Puertas Palace, Oso Negro.

Figure 14.    Profile of the staircase on the eastern façade of the Las Puertas platform, Oso Negro.

Figure 15.    Profiles of ceramic sherds recovered on the surface of Oso Negro (drawing by Ana Lucía Arroyave).

Figure 16.    Location of predicted secondary sites (indicated by "?") along Yaxchilán's northern border.

Figure 17.    Location of Oso Negro near a pass in the Sierra del Lacandón leading to the sites of the Hix Witz kingdom (La Joyanca, Pajaral, and Zapote Bobal).

Figure 18.    View of Yaxchilán from a hilltop north of Oso Negro. Yaxchilán can be seen as the white structures in the clearing towards the left side of the image.

Figure 19.    Map of the Cueva de Tres Entradas, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 20a.  Cueva de Tres Entradas. Southern cave wall.

Figure 20b.  Cueva de Tres Entradas. Western cave opening.

Figure 21.    Bone and ceramic concentration on the floor of the Cueva de Tres Entradas.

Figure 22.    Sample of ceramic sherds recovered from the floor of the Cueva de Tres Entradas (drawing by Juan Carlos Meléndez).

Figure 23.    Map of the Crypt Group, La Pasadita, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 24.    Looter's trench in the main structure of the Crypt Group, La Pasadita. Note the crypt to the archaeologist's left.

Figure 25.    Interior view of looted crypt, Crypt Group, La Pasadita.

Figure 26.    Sketch map (not to scale) of Túnel 09, El Túnel, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 27a.  Sketch map (not to scale) of Túnel 12, El Túnel, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 27b.  Superstructural wall of Túnel 12, El Túnel, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 28.    Map of Tixan 01, Tixan, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 29.    Sketch maps (not to scale) of Tixan 02 (a), Tixan 03 (b), Tixan 04 (c), and Tixan 05 (d), Tixan, Guatemala.

Figure 30.    Map of the archaeological site of La Técnica, Petén, Guatemala.

Figure 31.    Map of the North Sector, El Kinel, Guatemala. Group A is the platform on the eastern side of the map.

Figure 32.    Monument 1, La Técnica, Petén, Guatemala.

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