The End of Pre-Columbian Pipil Civilization, Ciudad Vieja, El Salvador
With contributions by: Jeb J. Card, Department of Anthropology, Tulane University

List of Figures

Figure   1.  Map showing location of Ciudad Vieja within El Salvador.

Figure   2.  Regional map indicating the location of the site of Ciudad Vieja, El Salvador. Map by Rebecca Cutler.

Figure   3.  Site plan of Ciudad Vieja showing natural topography and cultural features, based on original 1998 total station mapping. Map by Conard Hamilton.

Figure   4.  Projected map of Ciudad Vieja showing topography and grid-plan layout. Map by Conard Hamilton. Black lines represent structures and features visible on surface; blue lines, projected; red lines, hypothesized. The yellow rectangle at the southwest corner of the plaza mayor indicates the location of recent excavations.

Figure   5.  Locations and designations of excavated structures. Map by Conard Hamilton.

Figure   6.  Some examples of ceramic vessels from Ciudad Vieja, all to scale.

Figure   7.  Alvarado–Alvarado red-painted cántaro (with the rarer vertical stripe motif, instead of triangular pennants).

Figure   8.  Alvarado–Alvarado sartén.

Figure   9.  Alvarado–Peñacorba rim sherd. Note darker brown color, and distinctive burnishing marks.

Figure 10.  Salvago cántaro.

Figure 11.  Bonifacio Polychrome sherd.

Figure 12.  Fine Gray ware bowl. This is the only known tripod example.

Figure 13.  Usagre vessel.

Figure 14.  Bermúdez colono ware plate.

Figure 15.  Olive Jar rim profiles. All pertain to Goggin's early style, except Rim 1388 (possibly a very late form and paste).

Figure 16.  Sevilla Blue-on-White majolica fragment.

Figure 17.  Colono ware plate.

Figure 18.  "Diagonal Pi" design, plates and bowls.

Figure 19.  Schematic division for study zones and measurements of Ciudad Vieja colono ware plates.

Figure 20.  Ciudad Vieja plate profiles vs. Majolica plate profiles. a: Hybrid Morisco-style plate, Ciudad Vieja; b: Morisco- (top) and Italianate- (bottom three) style hybrid plates, Ciudad Vieja; c: Morisco plates (Lister and Lister 1982: Fig. 4.3 h-j); d: Sevilla Ware plates (Lister and Lister 1982, Fig 4.23 h-j).

Figure 21.  The four most common B-C form combinations in Ciudad Vieja hybrid plates.

Figure 22.  "Spiked Triangle" design, plates and cántaros.

Figure 23.  Proximal segments of obsidian prismatic blades.

Figure 24.  Proximal and distal segments of small percussion blades.

Figure 25.  Laterally retouched projectile points on prismatic blades.

Figure 26.  Ciudad Vieja bifacially retouched projectile points.

List of Tables

Table   1.   Occurrence of hybrid colono ware plates in the structure assemblages of Ciudad Vieja.

Table   2.   Common plate brim forms vs. interior surface treatment (df = 8, c² = 13.804, p = 0.087).

Table   3.   Common plate brim forms vs. inclusion coarseness (df = 4, c² = 10.740, p = 0.03).

Table   4.   Ciudad Vieja obsidian flakes, metric values (n = 47).

Table   5.   Ciudad Vieja prismatic blades, metric values (n = 557).

Table   6.   Ciudad Vieja prismatic blade platform size (proximal segments), metric values (n = 96).

Table   7.   Ciudad Vieja small percussion blades, metric values (n = 25).

Table   8.   Ciudad Vieja small percussion blade platform size (proximal segments), metric values (n = 13).

Table   9.   Ciudad Vieja polyhedral core fragments, metric values (n = 3).

Table 10.   Ciudad Vieja laterally retouched points on prismatic blades, metric values (n = 7).

Table 11.   Ciudad Vieja bifaces, metric values (n = 4).

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